We need to keep translating job openings into hires to reach full employment

According to this morning’s Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the job-seekers to job-openings ratio held steady at 1.4 in February 2015, meaning there are still 14 job seekers for every 10 job openings in the economy. While there have been great improvements in the job-seekers ratio in the past several years, we are still far from a full employment economy. The job-seekers ratio also fails to reflect the missing workers in the economy today—in other words, those who are not actively seeking a job (in the last four weeks), but would likely start looking if the economy was stronger and they saw better opportunities for themselves in it.

Figure A

The job-seekers ratio, 2000-2016

Job-seekers ratio
Dec-2000 1.189611
Jan-2001 1.118477
Feb-2001 1.307213
Mar-2001 1.345825
Apr-2001 1.279535
May-2001 1.368352
Jun-2001 1.514953
Jul-2001 1.463214
Aug-2001 1.703435
Sep-2001 1.79673
Oct-2001 2.134258
Nov-2001 2.362858
Dec-2001 2.439586
Jan-2002 2.176643
Feb-2002 2.43624
Mar-2002 2.338496
Apr-2002 2.476671
May-2002 2.335651
Jun-2002 2.494205
Jul-2002 2.459689
Aug-2002 2.37937
Sep-2002 2.494256
Oct-2002 2.349929
Nov-2002 2.494876
Dec-2002 2.93578
Jan-2003 2.228033
Feb-2003 2.54895
Mar-2003 2.813893
Apr-2003 2.647305
May-2003 2.770492
Jun-2003 2.779244
Jul-2003 2.755657
Aug-2003 2.709717
Sep-2003 2.902082
Oct-2003 2.724493
Nov-2003 2.716503
Dec-2003 2.587741
Jan-2004 2.419775
Feb-2004 2.400647
Mar-2004 2.51213
Apr-2004 2.251309
May-2004 2.243716
Jun-2004 2.419977
Jul-2004 2.068124
Aug-2004 2.207792
Sep-2004 2.118386
Oct-2004 2.125791
Nov-2004 2.44966
Dec-2004 2.173699
Jan-2005 2.120981
Feb-2005 2.075423
Mar-2005 2.019577
Apr-2005 1.808155
May-2005 1.969876
Jun-2005 1.870711
Jul-2005 1.714749
Aug-2005 1.803339
Sep-2005 1.782629
Oct-2005 1.742577
Nov-2005 1.792891
Dec-2005 1.791093
Jan-2006 1.643555
Feb-2006 1.698747
Mar-2006 1.574004
Apr-2006 1.521368
May-2006 1.590339
Jun-2006 1.609795
Jul-2006 1.727251
Aug-2006 1.555044
Sep-2006 1.516165
Oct-2006 1.504249
Nov-2006 1.583045
Dec-2006 1.580645
Jan-2007 1.536933
Feb-2007 1.5514
Mar-2007 1.442563
Apr-2007 1.419983
May-2007 1.487033
Jun-2007 1.51454
Jul-2007 1.592205
Aug-2007 1.551482
Sep-2007 1.585231
Oct-2007 1.683023
Nov-2007 1.74206
Dec-2007 1.854232
Jan-2008 1.803991
Feb-2008 1.854775
Mar-2008 1.955011
Apr-2008 1.863592
May-2008 2.119949
Jun-2008 2.276347
Jul-2008 2.338917
Aug-2008 2.575171
Sep-2008 2.908701
Oct-2008 3.060146
Nov-2008 3.564953
Dec-2008 3.987986
Jan-2009 4.357788
Feb-2009 4.621283
Mar-2009 5.389803
Apr-2009 5.877387
May-2009 5.974042
Jun-2009 6.057249
Jul-2009 6.648907
Aug-2009 6.424111
Sep-2009 6.056901
Oct-2009 6.396667
Nov-2009 6.47617
Dec-2009 6.272538
Jan-2010 5.707891
Feb-2010 5.862296
Mar-2010 5.702176
Apr-2010 4.759317
May-2010 5.136285
Jun-2010 5.433183
Jul-2010 4.894435
Aug-2010 5.016438
Sep-2010 5.268883
Oct-2010 4.78602
Nov-2010 5.17536
Dec-2010 5.022051
Jan-2011 4.767948
Feb-2011 4.522251
Mar-2011 4.388818
Apr-2011 4.246121
May-2011 4.449261
Jun-2011 4.330645
Jul-2011 3.960576
Aug-2011 4.361742
Sep-2011 3.990844
Oct-2011 3.973692
Nov-2011 4.218839
Dec-2011 3.886316
Jan-2012 3.481168
Feb-2012 3.66124
Mar-2012 3.301661
Apr-2012 3.450996
May-2012 3.414733
Jun-2012 3.348365
Jul-2012 3.427721
Aug-2012 3.413133
Sep-2012 3.436173
Oct-2012 3.268247
Nov-2012 3.377672
Dec-2012 3.439318
Jan-2013 3.345097
Feb-2013 3.009567
Mar-2013 2.99436
Apr-2013 2.963907
May-2013 2.995625
Jun-2013 3.002811
Jul-2013 2.902171
Aug-2013 2.877837
Sep-2013 2.836136
Oct-2013 2.718811
Nov-2013 2.783909
Dec-2013 2.778995
Jan-2014 2.624099
Feb-2014 2.531723
Mar-2014 2.478582
Apr-2014 2.12
May-2014 2.111449
Jun-2014 2.01919
Jul-2014 2.062179
Aug-2014 1.942044
Sep-2014 1.995706
Oct-2014 1.835989
Nov-2014 1.917602
Dec-2014 1.807684
Jan-2015 1.794047
Feb-2015 1.685052
Mar-2015 1.651931
Apr-2015 1.527419
May-2015 1.60026
Jun-2015 1.598684
Jul-2015 1.42519
Aug-2015 1.51055
Sep-2015 1.478545
Oct-2015 1.456842
Nov-2015 1.524432
Dec-2015 1.496686
Jan-2016 1.390257
Feb-2016 1.435262
ChartData Download data

The data below can be saved or copied directly into Excel.

Note: Shaded areas denote recessions.

Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey and Current Population Survey

Copy the code below to embed this chart on your website.

There is still a substantial gap between the number of job openings and the number of unemployed people, illustrating just how far we are from full employment. As shown in the figure below, this gap is far larger today than it would be in a tight labor market.

Figure B

Job openings levels and unemployment levels, 2000-2016

Job Openings level Unemployment level
Dec-2000 4.736 5.634
Jan-2001 5.385 6.023
Feb-2001 4.658 6.089
Mar-2001 4.563 6.141
Apr-2001 4.901 6.271
May-2001 4.55 6.226
Jun-2001 4.28 6.484
Jul-2001 4.499 6.583
Aug-2001 4.134 7.042
Sep-2001 3.975 7.142
Oct-2001 3.605 7.694
Nov-2001 3.387 8.003
Dec-2001 3.385 8.258
Jan-2002 3.759 8.182
Feb-2002 3.372 8.215
Mar-2002 3.551 8.304
Apr-2002 3.472 8.599
May-2002 3.596 8.399
Jun-2002 3.365 8.393
Jul-2002 3.411 8.39
Aug-2002 3.49 8.304
Sep-2002 3.308 8.251
Oct-2002 3.535 8.307
Nov-2002 3.415 8.52
Dec-2002 2.943 8.64
Jan-2003 3.824 8.52
Feb-2003 3.381 8.618
Mar-2003 3.052 8.588
Apr-2003 3.34 8.842
May-2003 3.233 8.957
Jun-2003 3.334 9.266
Jul-2003 3.27 9.011
Aug-2003 3.283 8.896
Sep-2003 3.074 8.921
Oct-2003 3.205 8.732
Nov-2003 3.157 8.576
Dec-2003 3.214 8.317
Jan-2004 3.459 8.37
Feb-2004 3.402 8.167
Mar-2004 3.38 8.491
Apr-2004 3.629 8.17
May-2004 3.66 8.212
Jun-2004 3.424 8.286
Jul-2004 3.934 8.136
Aug-2004 3.619 7.99
Sep-2004 3.742 7.927
Oct-2004 3.792 8.061
Nov-2004 3.238 7.932
Dec-2004 3.65 7.934
Jan-2005 3.67 7.784
Feb-2005 3.845 7.98
Mar-2005 3.831 7.737
Apr-2005 4.243 7.672
May-2005 3.884 7.651
Jun-2005 4.022 7.524
Jul-2005 4.319 7.406
Aug-2005 4.073 7.345
Sep-2005 4.237 7.553
Oct-2005 4.277 7.453
Nov-2005 4.22 7.566
Dec-2005 4.064 7.279
Jan-2006 4.298 7.064
Feb-2006 4.229 7.184
Mar-2006 4.493 7.072
Apr-2006 4.68 7.12
May-2006 4.389 6.98
Jun-2006 4.349 7.001
Jul-2006 4.154 7.175
Aug-2006 4.56 7.091
Sep-2006 4.516 6.847
Oct-2006 4.472 6.727
Nov-2006 4.341 6.872
Dec-2006 4.278 6.762
Jan-2007 4.63 7.116
Feb-2007 4.465 6.927
Mar-2007 4.666 6.731
Apr-2007 4.824 6.85
May-2007 4.55 6.766
Jun-2007 4.608 6.979
Jul-2007 4.49 7.149
Aug-2007 4.555 7.067
Sep-2007 4.523 7.17
Oct-2007 4.3 7.237
Nov-2007 4.156 7.24
Dec-2007 4.123 7.645
Jan-2008 4.26 7.685
Feb-2008 4.042 7.497
Mar-2008 4.001 7.822
Apr-2008 4.098 7.637
May-2008 3.96 8.395
Jun-2008 3.767 8.575
Jul-2008 3.821 8.937
Aug-2008 3.665 9.438
Sep-2008 3.264 9.494
Oct-2008 3.292 10.074
Nov-2008 2.956 10.538
Dec-2008 2.83 11.286
Jan-2009 2.767 12.058
Feb-2009 2.791 12.898
Mar-2009 2.491 13.426
Apr-2009 2.357 13.853
May-2009 2.427 14.499
Jun-2009 2.428 14.707
Jul-2009 2.196 14.601
Aug-2009 2.306 14.814
Sep-2009 2.478 15.009
Oct-2009 2.4 15.352
Nov-2009 2.35 15.219
Dec-2009 2.407 15.098
Jan-2010 2.636 15.046
Feb-2010 2.578 15.113
Mar-2010 2.666 15.202
Apr-2010 3.22 15.325
May-2010 2.891 14.849
Jun-2010 2.664 14.474
Jul-2010 2.965 14.512
Aug-2010 2.92 14.648
Sep-2010 2.767 14.579
Oct-2010 3.033 14.516
Nov-2010 2.914 15.081
Dec-2010 2.857 14.348
Jan-2011 2.939 14.013
Feb-2011 3.056 13.82
Mar-2011 3.13 13.737
Apr-2011 3.287 13.957
May-2011 3.114 13.855
Jun-2011 3.224 13.962
Jul-2011 3.475 13.763
Aug-2011 3.168 13.818
Sep-2011 3.495 13.948
Oct-2011 3.421 13.594
Nov-2011 3.153 13.302
Dec-2011 3.369 13.093
Jan-2012 3.664 12.755
Feb-2012 3.501 12.818
Mar-2012 3.852 12.718
Apr-2012 3.663 12.641
May-2012 3.706 12.655
Jun-2012 3.792 12.697
Jul-2012 3.694 12.662
Aug-2012 3.655 12.475
Sep-2012 3.533 12.14
Oct-2012 3.713 12.135
Nov-2012 3.556 12.011
Dec-2012 3.576 12.299
Jan-2013 3.712 12.417
Feb-2013 3.972 11.954
Mar-2013 3.901 11.681
Apr-2013 3.962 11.743
May-2013 3.886 11.641
Jun-2013 3.913 11.75
Jul-2013 3.915 11.362
Aug-2013 3.921 11.284
Sep-2013 3.985 11.302
Oct-2013 4.104 11.158
Nov-2013 3.878 10.796
Dec-2013 3.742 10.399
Jan-2014 3.884 10.192
Feb-2014 4.098 10.375
Mar-2014 4.202 10.415
Apr-2014 4.575 9.699
May-2014 4.603 9.719
Jun-2014 4.69 9.47
Jul-2014 4.68 9.651
Aug-2014 4.952 9.617
Sep-2014 4.658 9.296
Oct-2014 4.896 8.989
Nov-2014 4.721 9.053
Dec-2014 4.815 8.704
Jan-2015 4.972 8.92
Feb-2015 5.131 8.646
Mar-2015 5.18 8.557
Apr-2015 5.58 8.523
May-2015 5.386 8.619
Jun-2015 5.168 8.262
Jul-2015 5.788 8.249
Aug-2015 5.308 8.018
Sep-2015 5.36 7.925
Oct-2015 5.422 7.899
Nov-2015 5.198 7.924
Dec-2015 5.281 7.904
Jan-2016 5.604 7.791
Feb-2016 5.445 7.815
ChartData Download data

The data below can be saved or copied directly into Excel.

Note: Shaded areas denote recessions.

Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey and Current Population Survey

Copy the code below to embed this chart on your website.

The job-seekers-to-job openings ratio differs by industrial sector. Workers in some sectors (e.g., health care and social assistance, and professional and business services) are faring relatively well, but there is still a large gap between job seekers and job openings in other industries. For example, there are four unemployed construction workers for every one construction job opening.

Figure C

Unemployed and job openings, by industry (in millions)

Industry Unemployed Job openings
Professional and business services 0.8801 1.0952
Health care and social assistance 0.5946 0.9484
Retail trade 0.9857 0.5638
Accommodation and food services 0.8746 0.6611
Government 0.5724 0.4927
Finance and insurance 0.1692 0.2582
Durable goods manufacturing 0.4054 0.1862
Other services 0.3243 0.1829
Wholesale trade 0.1355 0.1686
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities 0.2750 0.1983
Information 0.1054 0.1033
Construction 0.6038 0.1492
Nondurable goods manufacturing 0.2526 0.1285
Educational services 0.2078 0.0985
Real estate and rental and leasing 0.0841 0.0747
Arts, entertainment, and recreation 0.1843 0.0650
Mining and logging 0.0848 0.0162
ChartData Download data

The data below can be saved or copied directly into Excel.

Note: Because the data are not seasonally adjusted, these are 12-month averages, November 2014–December 2015.

Source: EPI analysis of data from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey and the Current Population Survey

Copy the code below to embed this chart on your website.

As shown in the figure below, the quits rate remains depressed, meaning that workers still aren’t quitting at the rate they would be if the economy was stronger. The best news in the data released today is that hires were up. Hopefully this is a new trend and not a short term blip in the data. We need job openings to keep translating into hires if we want to reach full employment.

Figure D

Hires, quits, and layoff rates, 2000-2016

Month Hires Layoffs Quits
Dec-2000 4.10000000000 1.40000000000 2.30000000000
Jan-2001 4.40000000000 1.70000000000 2.60000000000
Feb-2001 4.20000000000 1.40000000000 2.40000000000
Mar-2001 4.30000000000 1.60000000000 2.40000000000
Apr-2001 4.00000000000 1.40000000000 2.40000000000
May-2001 4.10000000000 1.50000000000 2.30000000000
Jun-2001 3.80000000000 1.40000000000 2.30000000000
Jul-2001 3.90000000000 1.50000000000 2.20000000000
Aug-2001 3.80000000000 1.40000000000 2.20000000000
Sep-2001 3.70000000000 1.50000000000 2.10000000000
Oct-2001 3.80000000000 1.70000000000 2.20000000000
Nov-2001 3.70000000000 1.60000000000 2.00000000000
Dec-2001 3.60000000000 1.40000000000 1.90000000000
Jan-2002 3.70000000000 1.40000000000 2.20000000000
Feb-2002 3.70000000000 1.50000000000 2.00000000000
Mar-2002 3.60000000000 1.30000000000 1.90000000000
Apr-2002 3.80000000000 1.50000000000 2.10000000000
May-2002 3.80000000000 1.50000000000 2.10000000000
Jun-2002 3.70000000000 1.40000000000 2.00000000000
Jul-2002 3.80000000000 1.50000000000 2.10000000000
Aug-2002 3.70000000000 1.40000000000 2.00000000000
Sep-2002 3.70000000000 1.40000000000 2.00000000000
Oct-2002 3.70000000000 1.40000000000 2.00000000000
Nov-2002 3.80000000000 1.50000000000 1.90000000000
Dec-2002 3.80000000000 1.50000000000 2.00000000000
Jan-2003 3.80000000000 1.50000000000 1.90000000000
Feb-2003 3.60000000000 1.50000000000 1.90000000000
Mar-2003 3.40000000000 1.40000000000 1.80000000000
Apr-2003 3.60000000000 1.50000000000 1.80000000000
May-2003 3.50000000000 1.50000000000 1.80000000000
Jun-2003 3.70000000000 1.60000000000 1.80000000000
Jul-2003 3.60000000000 1.60000000000 1.80000000000
Aug-2003 3.60000000000 1.50000000000 1.80000000000
Sep-2003 3.70000000000 1.50000000000 1.90000000000
Oct-2003 3.80000000000 1.50000000000 1.90000000000
Nov-2003 3.60000000000 1.40000000000 1.90000000000
Dec-2003 3.80000000000 1.50000000000 1.90000000000
Jan-2004 3.70000000000 1.50000000000 1.90000000000
Feb-2004 3.60000000000 1.40000000000 1.90000000000
Mar-2004 4.00000000000 1.50000000000 2.00000000000
Apr-2004 3.90000000000 1.40000000000 2.00000000000
May-2004 3.70000000000 1.40000000000 1.90000000000
Jun-2004 3.80000000000 1.40000000000 2.00000000000
Jul-2004 3.70000000000 1.40000000000 2.10000000000
Aug-2004 3.90000000000 1.50000000000 2.00000000000
Sep-2004 3.80000000000 1.40000000000 2.00000000000
Oct-2004 3.80000000000 1.30000000000 2.00000000000
Nov-2004 3.90000000000 1.50000000000 2.10000000000
Dec-2004 4.00000000000 1.50000000000 2.00000000000
Jan-2005 3.90000000000 1.50000000000 2.10000000000
Feb-2005 4.00000000000 1.50000000000 2.00000000000
Mar-2005 3.90000000000 1.50000000000 2.10000000000
Apr-2005 3.90000000000 1.40000000000 2.10000000000
May-2005 4.00000000000 1.40000000000 2.20000000000
Jun-2005 4.00000000000 1.50000000000 2.10000000000
Jul-2005 3.90000000000 1.40000000000 2.10000000000
Aug-2005 4.00000000000 1.40000000000 2.20000000000
Sep-2005 4.00000000000 1.40000000000 2.30000000000
Oct-2005 3.70000000000 1.20000000000 2.20000000000
Nov-2005 3.90000000000 1.30000000000 2.20000000000
Dec-2005 3.80000000000 1.30000000000 2.10000000000
Jan-2006 3.80000000000 1.20000000000 2.20000000000
Feb-2006 3.90000000000 1.20000000000 2.20000000000
Mar-2006 3.90000000000 1.20000000000 2.20000000000
Apr-2006 3.80000000000 1.30000000000 2.00000000000
May-2006 4.00000000000 1.40000000000 2.20000000000
Jun-2006 3.90000000000 1.20000000000 2.20000000000
Jul-2006 3.90000000000 1.30000000000 2.20000000000
Aug-2006 3.80000000000 1.20000000000 2.20000000000
Sep-2006 3.80000000000 1.20000000000 2.10000000000
Oct-2006 3.80000000000 1.30000000000 2.10000000000
Nov-2006 4.00000000000 1.40000000000 2.20000000000
Dec-2006 3.80000000000 1.30000000000 2.20000000000
Jan-2007 3.80000000000 1.30000000000 2.20000000000
Feb-2007 3.80000000000 1.30000000000 2.20000000000
Mar-2007 3.90000000000 1.30000000000 2.20000000000
Apr-2007 3.70000000000 1.40000000000 2.10000000000
May-2007 3.80000000000 1.30000000000 2.20000000000
Jun-2007 3.80000000000 1.30000000000 2.10000000000
Jul-2007 3.70000000000 1.30000000000 2.10000000000
Aug-2007 3.70000000000 1.30000000000 2.10000000000
Sep-2007 3.70000000000 1.50000000000 1.90000000000
Oct-2007 3.80000000000 1.40000000000 2.10000000000
Nov-2007 3.70000000000 1.40000000000 2.00000000000
Dec-2007 3.60000000000 1.30000000000 2.00000000000
Jan-2008 3.50000000000 1.30000000000 2.00000000000
Feb-2008 3.60000000000 1.40000000000 2.00000000000
Mar-2008 3.40000000000 1.30000000000 1.90000000000
Apr-2008 3.50000000000 1.30000000000 2.10000000000
May-2008 3.30000000000 1.30000000000 1.90000000000
Jun-2008 3.50000000000 1.40000000000 1.90000000000
Jul-2008 3.30000000000 1.40000000000 1.90000000000
Aug-2008 3.30000000000 1.50000000000 1.80000000000
Sep-2008 3.20000000000 1.40000000000 1.80000000000
Oct-2008 3.30000000000 1.60000000000 1.80000000000
Nov-2008 2.90000000000 1.60000000000 1.50000000000
Dec-2008 3.10000000000 1.80000000000 1.60000000000
Jan-2009 3.10000000000 1.90000000000 1.50000000000
Feb-2009 3.00000000000 1.90000000000 1.40000000000
Mar-2009 2.80000000000 1.80000000000 1.40000000000
Apr-2009 2.90000000000 1.90000000000 1.30000000000
May-2009 2.90000000000 1.60000000000 1.30000000000
Jun-2009 2.80000000000 1.60000000000 1.40000000000
Jul-2009 2.90000000000 1.70000000000 1.30000000000
Aug-2009 2.90000000000 1.60000000000 1.30000000000
Sep-2009 3.00000000000 1.60000000000 1.30000000000
Oct-2009 2.90000000000 1.50000000000 1.30000000000
Nov-2009 3.10000000000 1.40000000000 1.40000000000
Dec-2009 2.90000000000 1.50000000000 1.30000000000
Jan-2010 3.00000000000 1.40000000000 1.30000000000
Feb-2010 2.90000000000 1.40000000000 1.30000000000
Mar-2010 3.20000000000 1.40000000000 1.40000000000
Apr-2010 3.10000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
May-2010 3.30000000000 1.30000000000 1.40000000000
Jun-2010 3.10000000000 1.50000000000 1.50000000000
Jul-2010 3.20000000000 1.60000000000 1.40000000000
Aug-2010 3.00000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
Sep-2010 3.10000000000 1.40000000000 1.50000000000
Oct-2010 3.10000000000 1.30000000000 1.40000000000
Nov-2010 3.10000000000 1.30000000000 1.40000000000
Dec-2010 3.20000000000 1.40000000000 1.50000000000
Jan-2011 3.00000000000 1.30000000000 1.40000000000
Feb-2011 3.10000000000 1.30000000000 1.40000000000
Mar-2011 3.30000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
Apr-2011 3.20000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
May-2011 3.10000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
Jun-2011 3.30000000000 1.40000000000 1.50000000000
Jul-2011 3.10000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
Aug-2011 3.20000000000 1.30000000000 1.60000000000
Sep-2011 3.30000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
Oct-2011 3.20000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
Nov-2011 3.20000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
Dec-2011 3.20000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
Jan-2012 3.20000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
Feb-2012 3.30000000000 1.30000000000 1.60000000000
Mar-2012 3.30000000000 1.20000000000 1.60000000000
Apr-2012 3.20000000000 1.40000000000 1.60000000000
May-2012 3.30000000000 1.40000000000 1.60000000000
Jun-2012 3.30000000000 1.40000000000 1.60000000000
Jul-2012 3.20000000000 1.20000000000 1.60000000000
Aug-2012 3.30000000000 1.40000000000 1.60000000000
Sep-2012 3.20000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
Oct-2012 3.20000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
Nov-2012 3.30000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
Dec-2012 3.20000000000 1.20000000000 1.60000000000
Jan-2013 3.30000000000 1.20000000000 1.70000000000
Feb-2013 3.40000000000 1.20000000000 1.70000000000
Mar-2013 3.10000000000 1.30000000000 1.50000000000
Apr-2013 3.30000000000 1.30000000000 1.70000000000
May-2013 3.30000000000 1.30000000000 1.70000000000
Jun-2013 3.20000000000 1.20000000000 1.60000000000
Jul-2013 3.30000000000 1.20000000000 1.70000000000
Aug-2013 3.40000000000 1.30000000000 1.70000000000
Sep-2013 3.40000000000 1.30000000000 1.80000000000
Oct-2013 3.30000000000 1.10000000000 1.80000000000
Nov-2013 3.30000000000 1.10000000000 1.70000000000
Dec-2013 3.30000000000 1.20000000000 1.70000000000
Jan-2014 3.40000000000 1.30000000000 1.70000000000
Feb-2014 3.40000000000 1.20000000000 1.80000000000
Mar-2014 3.50000000000 1.20000000000 1.80000000000
Apr-2014 3.40000000000 1.20000000000 1.80000000000
May-2014 3.40000000000 1.20000000000 1.80000000000
Jun-2014 3.50000000000 1.20000000000 1.80000000000
Jul-2014 3.60000000000 1.30000000000 1.90000000000
Aug-2014 3.40000000000 1.20000000000 1.80000000000
Sep-2014 3.60000000000 1.20000000000 2.00000000000
Oct-2014 3.70000000000 1.30000000000 2.00000000000
Nov-2014 3.60000000000 1.20000000000 1.90000000000
Dec-2014 3.70000000000 1.20000000000 1.90000000000
Jan-2015 3.60000000000 1.20000000000 2.00000000000
Feb-2015 3.60000000000 1.20000000000 1.90000000000
Mar-2015 3.60000000000 1.40000000000 1.90000000000
Apr-2015 3.60000000000 1.30000000000 1.90000000000
May-2015 3.60000000000 1.20000000000 1.90000000000
Jun-2015 3.60000000000 1.30000000000 1.90000000000
Jul-2015 3.60000000000 1.20000000000 1.90000000000
Aug-2015 3.60000000000 1.20000000000 2.00000000000
Sep-2015 3.60000000000 1.30000000000 1.90000000000
Oct-2015 3.70000000000 1.20000000000 2.00000000000
Nov-2015 3.70000000000 1.20000000000 2.00000000000
Dec-2015 3.60000000000 1.20000000000 2.20000000000
Jan-2016 3.60000000000 1.20000000000 2.00000000000
Feb-2016 3.80000000000 1.20000000000 2.10000000000
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Note: Shaded areas denote recessions. The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. The layoff rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey

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