Millions of working women of childbearing age are excluded from key protections for nursing mothers
| Women workers ages 16–44 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Total | Excluded from the Fair Labor Standards Act’s Break Time for Nursing Mothers Protections | |
| All | 37,753,000 | 9,039,000 |
| White | 22,181,000 | 6,046,000 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 5,288,000 | 1,007,000 |
| Hispanic | 6,822,000 | 976,000 |
| Asian | 2,460,000 | 825,000 |
| Other | 1,002,000 | 185,000 |
| Alabama | 530,000 | 104,000 |
| Alaska | 86,000 | 19,000 |
| Arizona | 741,000 | 151,000 |
| Arkansas | 340,000 | 79,000 |
| California | 4,384,000 | 994,000 |
| Colorado | 696,000 | 174,000 |
| Connecticut | 413,000 | 107,000 |
| Delaware | 118,000 | 28,000 |
| District of Columbia | 129,000 | 70,000 |
| Florida | 2,203,000 | 474,000 |
| Georgia | 1,225,000 | 308,000 |
| Hawaii | 159,000 | 31,000 |
| Idaho | 193,000 | 32,000 |
| Illinois | 1,523,000 | 378,000 |
| Indiana | 822,000 | 155,000 |
| Iowa | 420,000 | 90,000 |
| Kansas | 359,000 | 71,000 |
| Kentucky | 496,000 | 106,000 |
| Louisiana | 522,000 | 114,000 |
| Maine | 144,000 | 27,000 |
| Maryland | 758,000 | 228,000 |
| Massachusetts | 895,000 | 269,000 |
| Michigan | 1,132,000 | 231,000 |
| Minnesota | 747,000 | 180,000 |
| Mississippi | 333,000 | 68,000 |
| Missouri | 795,000 | 186,000 |
| Montana | 118,000 | 21,000 |
| Nebraska | 249,000 | 54,000 |
| Nevada | 342,000 | 58,000 |
| New Hampshire | 165,000 | 39,000 |
| New Jersey | 999,000 | 312,000 |
| New Mexico | 214,000 | 51,000 |
| New York | 2,282,000 | 712,000 |
| North Carolina | 1,183,000 | 272,000 |
| North Dakota | 100,000 | 22,000 |
| Ohio | 1,389,000 | 293,000 |
| Oklahoma | 427,000 | 101,000 |
| Oregon | 471,000 | 99,000 |
| Pennsylvania | 1,530,000 | 373,000 |
| Rhode Island | 138,000 | 29,000 |
| South Carolina | 560,000 | 125,000 |
| South Dakota | 104,000 | 18,000 |
| Tennessee | 763,000 | 163,000 |
| Texas | 3,193,000 | 800,000 |
| Utah | 385,000 | 64,000 |
| Vermont | 77,000 | 18,000 |
| Virginia | 1,060,000 | 328,000 |
| Washington | 837,000 | 205,000 |
| West Virginia | 174,000 | 37,000 |
| Wisconsin | 764,000 | 157,000 |
| Wyoming | 66,000 | 13,000 |
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing, hunting | 181,000 | 25,000 |
| Mining | 56,000 | 22,000 |
| Construction | 399,000 | 71,000 |
| Manufacturing | 2,170,000 | 444,000 |
| Wholesale & retail trade | 5,340,000 | 522,000 |
| Transportation and utilities | 850,000 | 142,000 |
| Information | 646,000 | 210,000 |
| Financial activities | 2,686,000 | 760,000 |
| Professional and business services | 3,758,000 | 1,172,000 |
| Educational and health services | 13,425,000 | 4,610,000 |
| Leisure and hospitality | 5,145,000 | 253,000 |
| Other services | 1,697,000 | 246,000 |
| Public administration | 1,398,000 | 563,000 |
Source: EPI analysis of Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation Group microdata, 2015-2017.